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Johannes Phocylides Holwarda
Johannes Phocylides Holwarda (''Jan Fokkesz, Jan Fokker, Johann Holwarda, Johannes Fokkes Holwarda, Jan Fokkens Holwarda, Jan Fokkes van Holwerd'') (February 19, 1618—January 22, 1651) was a Frisian astronomer, physician, and philosopher. He was professor of philosophy at the University of Franeker from 1639 to 1651.〔Pieter Willem van der Horst, ''The Sentences of Pseudo-Phocylides'' (Brill, 1978), 63.〕
Born in Holwerd, he is best remembered for his discovery of the period of Mira's (Omicron Ceti's) variation in brightness. In a systematic study in 1638, he found that Mira disappeared and reappeared in a varying cycle of about 330 days.〔(Holwarda, Johannes Phocylides )〕〔(Mira, Omicron Ceti )〕
He was a supporter of “atomism”. His ''Philosophia Naturalis, seu Physica Vetus-Nova'', published posthumously in 1651, defines matter and form: matter is extended and divided into atoms while form is the texture of atoms. According to Phocylides, bodies are formed of atoms and void. Atoms, which he distinguished as simple or compound, are solid corpuscles that receive motion directly from God.〔Antonio Clericuzio, ''Elements, Principles and Corpuscles: A Study of Atomism and Chemistry in the Seventeenth Century'' (Springer, 2001), p. 187.〕
The lunar crater Phocylides is named after him.〔(the-moon » Phocylides )〕
==Notes==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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